Ngokombono wendawo yesimanje yamaShayina, indawo yaseTeochew itholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu yeSifundazwe sase-Guangdong, enamadolobha amathathu i-Chaozhou, iShantou neJieyang.Babiza abantu babo ngokuthi gaginan.Abantu baseTeochew sebehlale eningizimu yeChina cishe iminyaka eyi-1,700,wisiko nolimi lwabo oluyingqayizivele.
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zabantu baseTeochew umzwelo wezohwebo nezohwebo, akunandaba ukuthi isitolo segrosa esiseduze noma inkampani yamazwe ngamazwe.Phakathi kosomabhizinisi abaningi abaziwayo be-Chaozhou, ogqame kakhulu ngu-Li Ka-shing, oyindoda ecebe kakhulu e-Hongkong, kanye no-Ma Huateng, umsunguli we-Tencent, owakha ukuxhumana kwe-WeChat kanye ne-QQ okunenjongo yonke.
Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi iningi labantu baseTeochow lihlala ogwini noma kude nogu, akumangazi ukuthi abakwaTeochow baba abahloli basolwandle abanesibindi, okwaholela ekufudukeni kwesibili okukhulu, okwenzeka eminyakeni engaphezu kweyi-1,000 emva kokuqala.
Ngemva kweMpi Yokuqala Ye-Opium, abantu abaningi abavela e-Chaoshan basuka e-China, bedlula amachweba amane ezivumelwano ezasungulwa abahlaseli baseBrithani yonke indlela ukuze bashiye ikhaya bayoziphilisa futhi bathole ukuphila okungcono, ikakhulukazi i-Guangzhou & Shantou. Bathumela izincwadi nemali sekela umndeni ekhaya.
I-Chinese Technology Group eSingapore yathola ngo-1994 ukuthi ama-Teochews diaspora ngasekupheleni kwawo-1800 aholela ezizukulwaneni zabo ezisabalele kulo lonke elaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, Kwakukhona 5,000,000 eThailand,800,000 eMalaysia nase-Indonesia,500,000 eSingapore,200,000 eVietnam naseCambodia,0000 e-USA. ,150,000 e-France nezingu-100,000 e-Canada.Namuhla le datha kumele ngabe ikhulile.
Ngezinye izikhathi amaTeochow abizwa ngokuthi amaJuda AseMpumalanga, okuyigama elaqanjwa iphephandaba laseThailand ngemva kokuba iNkosi uRama VI yaseThailand ituse abakwaTeochew “ngobukhosi bohlanga nokuhlakanipha kwabo ezindabeni zezimali.”.Ukucwasa nokuhlukaniswa kwamaJuda aseYurophu kuyafana.ngokuyinhloko kungenxa yethonya labo lezomnotho elicatshangelwayo
Ulimi lwesigodi lwaseTeochow lungolunye lwezilimi zesiShayina ezindala nezilondolozwe kahle ezweni.Abantu be-Chaoshan banomkhuba wokunikela imihlatshelo kumadlozi nonkulunkulu babo abaningi.E-Chaozhou cuisine kunenqwaba yezilwane zasolwandle, futhi kukhona amasiko okudla ayingqayizivele njenge-Satay sauce netiye le-kung fu.
Kunenzalo kaTeochow engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-50 emhlabeni wonke, futhi abantu baseChaoshan baziwa ngokusebenza kanzima nekhono lebhizinisi.Egazini labo begijima izimfanelo ezinhle zesiShayina - ukukhuthala, ukusebenza kanzima kanye nobumbano.
Ama-Teochow amaningi angamadoda angosomabhizinisi abakhulu emhlabeni.I-Chaoshan Merchant Group idume ngomoya wayo wokuphayona futhi ingelinye lamaqembu amabhizinisi ayishumi aphezulu e-China.Umqondo othi "Ibhande Elilodwa, Umgwaqo Owodwa" ulethe ukukhula ekuhwebeni kwezomnotho kanye nosomabhizinisi baseTeochow emhlabeni wonke namuhla bathola ozakwethu abaningi bebhizinisi.
Izinto eziyisisekelo eziholela empumelelweni yosomabhizinisi baseTeochow cishe zimi kanje:
1. Abantu abangama-Chaoshan bayakwazi ikakhulukazi ukubekezelela ubunzima.Abantu be-Chaoshan baye bahlakulela umkhuba wokubekezelela ubunzima nokuhlanza izindlu kusukela ebuntwaneni babo.Uma behlangabezana nobunzima ekusunguleni ibhizinisi, nabo bazothula babekezele, afune indlela entsha uma umgwaqo ungasebenzi, aze akwazi ukuqhubeka kahle.
2. Bacabangela imiphumela yakho konke futhi balungele ukuhlehla njengoba sebelungise indlela ebuyela emuva.Eqinisweni, lapho unquma ukwenza okuthile, kufanele ube nohlelo lokwenziwa komcimbi kamuva.futhi acacise ukuthi umphumela uzoba yini, indlela yokuxazulula izinkinga lapho izimo ziba zimbi kakhulu.
3.Banesibindi sokuhlola nokulwa.Isibonelo esisodwa nguLi Ka-shing, indoda ecebe kakhulu eHong Kong.Wayedabuka eChaozhou.Wathuthela eHong Kong nomkhaya wakhe lapho esesikoleni esiphakeme, futhi kamuva waqala ibhizinisi lapho, elakhula kancane kancane.Kule nqubo, waphinde wabhekana nobunzima nobunzima obuningi.Waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye isikole ukuze ondle umndeni wakhe, wasebenza njengomfundi, njengomabhalane esitolo samawashi.Ngokwazi kwakhe kwezamabhizinisi, kamuva waphinde wasungula ifektri yepulasitiki, eye yanda kancane yafinyelela ezinzuzweni zanamuhla.Njalo lapho enza igxathu eliya phambili, wayedinga ukusekelwa umoya wakhe onesibindi.
4. Umqondo webhizinisi oqinile.Abantu abaningi be-Chaoshan banengqondo yebhizinisi eqinile.Kumuntu okwazi ukwenza imali noma usomabhizinisi ophumelelayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nengqondo enhle yebhizinisi.Kuzosiza lapho wenza imali noma uqala ibhizinisi, ukuthatha isinyathelo esifanele, ukuze ukwazi ngokusebenzisa lokhu kuqoqwa kwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ukudala ikusasa elibanzi kakhulu.
Phakathi kwamadolobha amathathu e-Chaoshan, iShantou iyichweba lezentengiselwano iminyaka engu-162, futhi imboni yayo nohwebo kuthuthuke ngokushesha eminyakeni edlule.Imboni yokuphrinta nokupakisha ingenye yezimboni eziyinsika yezomnotho waseShantou.Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kwengama-35 yokusungula izinto ezintsha nentuthuko, isisungule uhlelo lwezimboni kanye nesakhiwo esinezigaba eziphelele, ukwakheka kwezimboni eziseduze kanye nezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.I-Shantou isiphenduke enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu zokukhiqiza amafilimu okuphrinta nokupakisha, isizinda sezitolo ezinkulu kanye nesinye sezisekelo zokuphrinta ezintathu zezwe.
Imboni yokunyathelisa nokupakisha yaseShantou ithuthuka ngokushesha.Njengamanje, i-Shantou isithuthuke kakhulu kunezindawo eziningi zezwe ekunyatheliseni kwe-offset, ukuphrinta kwe-rotogravure, ukuphrinta kwe-intaglio, ukuphrinta kwesikrini, ukuphrinta okukhethekile, kuzo zonke izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bokuklama umhlobiso wokupakisha, ukuphrinta nokupakisha imishini.ukukhiqiza, ukukhiqiza imishini yangaphambi nangemuva komshini ezingeni lobuchwepheshe, izinto zokupakisha amafilimu, izinto zokunyathelisa, ukukhiqizwa kwezinga lobuchwepheshe kanye nosayizi weqembu lemboni.
Idolobha eliseduzane ne-Anbu lingaphansi kombuso we-Chaozhou, laziwa ngokuthi "yidolobha lokuqala lase-China lokupakisha okuguquguqukayo", "umbuso wokupakisha", kanye neShantou bakha ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, ukuze osomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe abavela emhlabeni wonke bahlinzekele ngokuthenga. lula futhi ungenise & ukuthekelisa iziteshi zokuhweba.ShantouHONGZEiyi-import and export Co., LTD.www.stblossom.com, ehlanganisa izimboni nohwebo njengomzimba owodwa.Nakuba ngaphansi kwesimo esinzima salolu bhubhane, samukela abathengi namabhizinisi aphesheya ukuthi baxhumane futhi bathenge nathi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuxhumana ukuze uthole ukubambisana okuphumelelayo.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-12-2022
