Ezintweni eziphrintiwe zekhwalithi ephezulu, umbala uvamise ukuba nezinga lokulinganisa elilinganiselwe: umbala we-inki weqoqo lemikhiqizo kufanele uhambisane ngaphambili nangemuva, ugqame ngombala, futhi uhambisane nombala we-inki nombala we-inki weshidi lesampula. .
Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokunyathelisa nokugcinwa, i-hue, ukukhanya nokugcwala kwezinto eziphrintiwe kuvame ukushintsha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyinki ye-monochrome noma uyinki enemibala engaphezu kwemibili, umbala ungase ube mnyama noma ube lula ngaphansi kwemiphumela yangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Ngenxa yalesi simo, sizoxoxa nawe namuhla izici ezithinta ukushintsha kombala wezinto eziphrintiwe, ngokuvamile ezibandakanya izici ezilandelayo:
Ukushintsha umbala nokufiphala kukayinki ngenxa yokungabekezelelani ukukhanya
Ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga, umbala nokukhanya kukayinki kuzoshintsha ngamazinga ahlukahlukene. Awukho uyinki ongamelana nokukhanya ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokushintsha umbala. Ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga okunamandla, umbala wabo bonke oyinki uzoshintsha ngamazinga ahlukahlukene. Lolu shintsho lungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili.
Iyafiphala:
Ngaphansi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet yelanga, uyinki unokumelana nokukhanya okubi, ulahlekelwe umbala wawo ogqamile wangempela, futhi umbala uba mnyama ube mpunga. Ikakhulukazi, imibala ephuzi nebomvu iyanyamalala ngokushesha koyinki ombala okhanyayo kanye nokuphrinta ngokweqile kwemibala emine, kuyilapho u-cyan noyinki kuncipha kancane.
Ukushintsha umbala:
Ngokuphambene nokufiphala kukayinki omnyama wento ephrintiwe, umbala ushintsha ngokujulile ngaphansi komphumela wokukhanya kwelanga, nombala nawo uyashintsha. Abantu babiza lolu shintsho ngokushintsha umbala.
Umphumela we-emulsification
Ipuleti lokuphrinta le-offset alikwazi ukuhlukaniswa nokumanzisa ingxenye engenalutho yepuleti ngesisombululo sokumanzisa. Ukuze kunyatheliswe i-offset, kusetshenziswa amanzi kuqala bese kufakwa uyinki. I-Emulsification ayinakugwenywa lapho kusetshenziswa amanzi.
Umbala we-inki uzoncishiswa ngemva kokwenziwa kwe-emulsification, kodwa uzobuyisa umbala wawo wangempela ngemva kokuba amanzi ehwamukile. Ngakho-ke, uma amanzi emakhulu, inani elikhulu le-emulsification lizobangela ukuguquguquka kombala. Ikakhulukazi, ama-inks ombala anama-emulsions ahluke ngokuphelele ahlanganiswe ndawonye, futhi isenzakalo sokushintsha umbala sivelele ngokukhethekile.
Imvelo yephepha
1.Ubushelelezi bobuso bephepha
Ubushelelezi bendawo yephepha buhlobene eduze nekhophi yokuphrinta. Ingaphezulu lephepha elingalingani ngokuvamile lidinga ingcindezi enkulu ukwenza uyinki uxhumane kahle nawo. Isibonelo, uma i-viscosity ye-inki, i-fluidity kanye nogqinsi lukayinki kugcinwa ngenani elithile, ukwandisa ingcindezi ngokuvamile kuzokwandisa indawo yokuphrinta. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingxenye eziphansi ze-concave zephepha zisathintana kabi. Isibonelo, uma imiphumela yokuphrinta yephepha elimboziwe kanye ne-newsprint kupuleti lokuphrinta elifanayo ihluke kakhulu, imiphumela ehlukene yokuphindaphinda ingaqhathaniseka ngokucacile.
2.Ukumuncwa kwephepha
Ukumuncwa kwephepha nakho kuhlobene ngqo nomphumela wokuphindaphinda. Ngokuvamile, lapho unyathelisa iphepha elixekethile, uma uyinki unoketshezi oluningi kanye ne-viscosity ephansi, iphepha lizomunca izixhumi eziningi zongqimba lukayinki. Uma ububanzi be-pores bukhulu kunobubanzi bezinhlayiya ze-pigment, ngisho ne-pigment izothathwa, okuzonciphisa ukugcwala kombono. Ugqinsi lwesendlalelo sikayinki ludinga ukwanda ngendlela efanele.
Kodwa-ke, ukwandisa ukushuba kwesendlalelo sikayinki kuzodala "ukusabalala" ngesikhathi sokuphrinta, okuzothinta umphumela wekhophi lombono. Iphepha elimunca kancane lingenza ingxenye enkulu yefilimu kayinki ivele endaweni yephepha, ukuze ungqimba lukayinki oluphrintiwe lube nokugcwala okungcono..
3.Ukuqina kwephepha
Ukungena okuphezulu kwephepha kuzonciphisa ukushuba kongqimba lukayinki, futhi izimbotshana ezinkulu ezingaphezulu kwephepha zizokwenza ukuthi ezinye izinhlayiya ze-pigment zingene ephepheni ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngakho umbala uzoba nomuzwa wokufiphala. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sebenzisa iphepha elinamaholoholo nokuthungwa okuxekethile, nephepha eline-inki eyinki enkulu, qaphela ukuguquguquka kombala.
Ukumelana nokushisa kwe-pigment
Enqubweni yokomisa kayinki, uyinki wokuphrinta onamathelayo ogqamile futhi osheshayo ukoma ikakhulukazi ukomiswa kwe-conjunctiva ene-oxidized. Kunesiteji sokulungisa ngaphambi kokoma koyinki wokuphrinta we-offset. I-polymerization ye-oxidation kayinki iwukusabela kwe-exothermic. Uma ukomisa kushesha kakhulu, ukushisa okuningi kuzokhishwa. Uma ukushisa kukhishwa kancane, i-pigment ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa izoshintsha umbala.
Ngokwesibonelo, uyinki wegolide uba mnyama futhi ulahlekelwe ukucwebezela kwawo kwasekuqaleni.
Lapho kunyatheliswa, amashidi apakishwa abe yizitaki etafuleni lokwamukela iphepha. Ngenxa yokunqwabelanisa okuningi, uyinki weshidi omaphakathi ufakwe i-oxidized, i-polymerized futhi i-exothermic, futhi ukushisa akulula ukushabalala. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, ingxenye ephakathi izoshintsha umbala kakhulu.
Umphumela Wamafutha Omisiwe
I-inki yombala okhanyayo ingeyemibala ebandayo, ophuzi okhanyayo, oluhlaza okotshani we-emerald, i-lake blue kanye nezinye iziyinki zombala ophakathi, ungasebenzisi amafutha omile obomvu, ngoba uwoyela obomvu omile ngokwawo une-magenta ejulile, ezothinta umbala weziyinki zombala okhanyayo.
Amafutha amhlophe omile abukeka amhlophe, kodwa aphenduka abe nsundu ngokukhanyayo ngemva kokuba i-conjunctiva i-oxidized. Uma inani lamafutha omile omhlophe likhulu, ukuphrinta okomile kungase kube nsundu ngokuphuzi, kuyilapho umbala wamafutha omile obomvu wamayinki amnyama njenge-blue, black and purple ngeke kuthinteke kakhulu.
Umthelela wokumelana ne-alkali kayinki wokuphrinta
Inani le-pH lephepha eliphrintiwe liyi-7, futhi iphepha elingathathi hlangothi lihamba phambili. Ngokuvamile, u-inki owenziwe ngezimibala ze-inorganic umpofu kakhulu ekumelaneni ne-asidi ne-alkali, kuyilapho izibala zemvelo zimihle kakhulu ekumelaneni ne-asidi ne-alkali. Ikakhulukazi, u-inki oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ophakathi nendawo nomnyama uzofiphala uma uhlangana ne-alkali.
Endabeni ye-alkali, umbala ophuzi omaphakathi uzoshintsha ube bomvu, futhi isitembu esishisayo se-anodized aluminium foil kanye negolide eliphrintayo lizophenduka libephuzi lasendulo lapho lihlangana nezinto ezine-alkali, ngaphandle kokucwebezela. Iphepha ngokuvamile libuthakathaka futhi line-alkaline, futhi isibopho esiqukethe i-alkaline sitholwa esigabeni sakamuva sokuphrinta nokubopha. Uma imikhiqizo yokuphrinta yokupakisha nokuhlobisa ifaka izinto ezine-alkaline, njengensipho, insipho, impushana yokuwasha, njll., ukumelana ne-alkali kanye nokumelana ne-saponification kayinki kufanele kucatshangelwe.
Umthelela wendawo yokubeka
Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani imikhiqizo eminingi ephrintiwe izoba phuzi uma igcinwe isikhathi eside.
Imicu ephepheni iqukethe i-lignin eyengeziwe kanye ne-discolor. Isibonelo, amaphephandaba aphrinte ku-newsprint cishe aphenduka abe phuzi futhi abe brittle.
Iningi lemikhiqizo yokuphrinta yombala ephrintiwe ngokweqile yi-offset yokuphrinta kwamachashazi emibala emine ishintshile noma iyafiphala ngenxa yokumelana nokukhanya okubi kanye nokumelana nokushisa kwe-pigment ngaphansi kwelanga, izinsuku ezinde, umoya nemvula, ukugqwala kwangaphandle kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, njll.
Uyinki u-Hongze awukhethayo awugcini nje ngokuphakeme, kodwa futhi ugcina isimo sengqondo esiqinile lapho eqhathanisa umbala womkhiqizo oqediwe esigabeni sakamuva. Vele usinike umkhiqizo, futhi sizokuhlolela zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, sicela usithinte:
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-21-2022
